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इंडिया (India)

10 months ago
क्या तुम्हें पता था? (DYK-101)
  1. Official name: Republic of India
  2. Dialing code: +91
  3. It is the seventh-largest country by area,
    the second-most populous country,
    and the most populous democracy in the world
  4. Capital: New Delhi
    Largest City: Mumbai
  5. Prime Minister: Narendra Modi
    President: Ram Nath Kovind
  6. Motto: Satyameya Jayate
    (Truth Alone Triumphs)
  7. Anthem: Jana Gana Mana
  8. National Song: Vande Mataram
    (I Bow to Thee, Mother)
  9. State Emblem: 4 lions (one hidden from view)
    derived from the time of the EmperorAshoka
  10. Independence from the United Kingdom
    Dominion: 15 August 1947
    Republic: 26 January 1950
  11. Father of Nation: Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
    - Also known as Mahātmā Gandhi, Gandhiji, Bapu
  12. Mahātmā: (Sanskrit: "great-souled", "venerable")
  13. Bapu title: Given (first called) by Subhas Chandra Bose
    (on 6 July 1944 during his address on the Singapore Radio)
  14. Mahātmā title: Given by Rabindranath Tagore
  15. Political parties: Two main parties (BJP & Congress)
  16. Bharatiya Janata Party(BJP) (Founded: 1980):
    - President: Amit Shah;
    - Founders: Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Bhairon Singh Shekhawat, Lal Krishna Advani
    - Alliance: National Democratic Alliance (NDA)
  17. Indian National Congress (Congress) (INC) (Founded: 1885):
    - President: Sonia Gandhi (Interim President)
    - Founders: Allan Octavian Hume, Dadabhai Naoroji, Dinshaw Edulji Wacha
    - Alliance: United Progressive Alliance (UPA)
  18. Government: Elections (directly voted by the people),
    - General Election (Lok Sabha): Central level
    - State Assembly Elections (Vidhan Sabha): State level
  19. Central level govenrment:
    - Type: Bicameral
    - Houses:
    Rajya Sabha (Upper house; 245 seats; Six years)
     Lok Sabha(Lower house; 545 seats; five years; directly elected by citizens;)
    - Brief on Houses:
    The Constitution of India however places some restrictions on the Rajya
     Sabha which makes the Lok Sabha more powerful in certain areas. For example,
     it stipulates that Money bills must originate in the Lok Sabha.

    Members of Rajya Sabha debate bills sent by the Lok Sabha and can approve,
     reject or send the bill back to the Lok Sabha for further debate and
     discussion on the matter, as well as to suggest better changes in the
     drafted bill.
  20. State level government:
    - Vidhan Sabha/ State Legislative Assembly (formed by State Assembly Elections)
    - MLA: Member of the Legislative Assembly
    - Governor: Invites the party with a majority of seats (or,MLAs) to form the government.
    - Chief Minister (CM): Leader of the ruling party (Vidhan Sabha).
  21. States of India:
    - Number: 28 States; 9 Union territories
    - Category: Federated states
    - Government: State governments, Union government (Union territories)
  22. Assassination of Political leaders:
    - Mahatma Gandhi: 1948, New Delhi
    Assassin: Nathuram Godse
    Reason: Division between India and Pakistan

    - Indira Gandhi: 1984, New Delhi
    Assassin: Two personal bodyguards Satwant Singh and Beant Singh
    Reason: To take revenge of the Operation Blue Star

    - Rajiv Gandhi: 1991, Sriperumbudur, near Chennai
    Assassin: A suicide bomber Thenmozhi Rajaratnam
    Reason: To take revenge for sending the Indian Army to fight the LTTE militants

  23. Currency:
    - Indian rupee
    - sign: ₹; currency code: INR
    - On 8 November 2016, the Government of India announced the demonetisation of ₹500
    and ₹1,000 banknotes with effect from midnight of the same day, making these notes
    invalid.
    - A newly redesigned series of ₹500 banknote, in addition to a new denomination of
    ₹2,000 banknote is in circulation since 10 November 2016.
    - The ₹1,000 note has been suspended.
    - Images: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_rupee
  24. Banknotes:
    - Freq. used: ₹10, ₹20, ₹50, ₹100, ₹200, ₹500, ₹2,000
    - Rarely used: ₹5
  25. Coins:
    - Freq. used : ₹1, ₹2, ₹5, ₹10
    - Rarely used: 50 p
  26. Mobile Operators:
    Rank #1 : Vodafone Idea (372m subscribers)
    Rank #2 : Jio (355m subscribers) (led by India's richest man, Mukesh Ambani)
    Rank #3 : Airtel (325m subscribers)
  27. 4G Networks:
    - Reliance Jio is the widest available 4G network in India (but slowest among all).
    - Airtel is the fastest 4G network in India with average speeds of 11.23 Mbps.
    - Vodafone takes second spot in 4G speeds while Idea's 4G network was found to be
    the slowest in the country.
  28. National symbols:
    - National fruit: Mango
    - National river: Ganga
    - National animal: Royal Bengal tiger
    - National bird: Indian peacock
  29. National Flag:
    Tiranga:
    - A horizontal rectangular tricolour with equally sized deep saffron at the top, white in the middle and India green at the bottom.
    - In the center is a navy blue wheel with twenty-four spokes, known as the Ashoka Chakra.
    - The flag is based on the Swaraj flag designed by Pingali Venkayya.
  30. Airports (Notable):
    Passenger Traffic:
    - Indira Gandhi International Airport, Delhi (Rank #1)
    - Rajiv Gandhi International Airport, Hyderabad (Rank #6)
    - Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport (Rank #5)
  31. Army Ranks:
    - Highest rank : Field Marshal (2nd: General, 3rd: Lieutenant General)
    - Field marshal: (abbreviated as FM) is a five–star general officer rank.
    - Though the rank Field marshal is placed above general, it is not observed in the regular structure. It (Field marshal) is a largely ceremonial or wartime rank, having been awarded only twice. A field marshal receives the full pay of a four–star general, and is considered a serving officer until their death.
  32. Field marshal Holders:
    1. Sam Manekshaw : First Indian Army officer to be promoted to the rank of field marshal. Attened our 1971 liberation our.
    2. Kodandera Madappa Cariappa : Led indian forces in 1947 indo-pak war (in Kashmir).
  33. Dynasty History
    - Delhi Sultanate (1200–1526)
    - The Khalji dynasty (1290–1320)
    - Mughal empire (1526–1858)
    - Babur - Founder of Mughal empire
    - Humayun - (Father: Babur)
    - Akbar the Great - (Father: Humayun)
    - Jahangir - Also known as Salim (Father: Akbar)
    - Shah Jahan - (Father: Jahangir)
Topics covered:
About (1-10)
Government And Politics (11-22)
Currency (23-25)
Mobile Operators (26-27)
National Symbols (28-29)
Airports (30)
Army Ranks (31-32)
Dynasty History(33)
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